Medically defined, a hematoma is a collection of blood outside of a blood vessel, much like a bruise. Typically occurring as a result of damage to the blood vessel wall, artery, vein or capillary, a hematoma may range in size from a tiny dot to a large spot with excessive selling. The blood that leaks out of the blood vessel is irritating to the surrounding tissue and may cause issues such as inflammation, swelling and general redness.
The specific symptoms associated with a hematoma depend on the location and size of the issue. For example, a brain hematoma may cause vomiting, headache, drowsiness, confusion, weak limbs, increased blood pressure and even seizures or unconsciousness while a hematoma located in the skin or muscle may cause little more than skin discoloration and slight swelling.
The most common cause of hematoma is trauma. Such trauma can be initiated by car accidents, falls, broken bones, head injuries or even an aggressive sneeze or twist of a limb. As the trauma occurs, blood escapes the damaged vessel and leaks into the surrounding tissue. As the blood leaks, it begins to coagulate and clot, resulting in a hematoma. Additional factors that may affect the development of hematomas include certain medications and disease that decrease the number of platelets in the bloodstream.
While more excessive hematomas, such as a brain hematoma, may require medical treatment, many hematomas can be treated naturally. Nutrient supplements such as vitamin C and flavonoids increase immunity and help repair damaged cells. Additionally, topical applications including anti-inflammatory creams, rosemary extract, rosemary essential oil, sweet clover, arnica and comfrey help control pain and ease inflammation. Using a compress of a cabbage leaf over these creams also helps shrink hematomas.
